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Coastal HVAC Corrosion by Distance from the Sea

ISO 9223C3· MediumC4· HighC5· Very high

How salt attacks coils near the sea

Breaking waves throw salt aerosol into the air. The droplets settle on fins and absorb moisture from humid air, so the coil surface stays wet long after rain or dew has dried elsewhere.

That wet salt film is an electrolyte. On a copper-tube, aluminium-fin coil it drives galvanic corrosion at every fin collar, and on all-aluminium microchannel coils it pits the thin tube walls.

What moves a site up or down a category

Distance is the first filter, not the only one. Prevailing onshore wind, unit height and open exposure to the sea push a site up. Buildings or hills between the unit and the shore, and dry climates with little condensation, pull it down. Nearby industry adds acid gases that make salt attack faster.

Illustrative image

ISO 9223 corrosivity category

Typical category for this environment: C3–C5.

  1. C1Very low
  2. C2Low
  3. C3Medium
  4. C4High
  5. C5Very high
  6. CXExtreme
ISO 9223 atmospheric corrosivity categories

Recommended protection by distance from the sea

  1. C5Very high
    < 500 mPG-S1Polysiloxane sol-gelDip-applied before shipment; for direct spray see marine and offshore.
  2. C4High
    0.5–5 kmPG-S1Polysiloxane sol-gelAirborne salt still reaches coils in onshore winds.
  3. C3Medium
    > 5 kmPG-WWaterborne 2KUpgrade if the site is humid or near industry.
Site corrosivity estimator

Not sure which category your site falls into?

Enter distance from the sea, humidity and nearby industry to get an estimated ISO 9223 category.

Estimate your site
Does a site 3 km from the sea still need coated coils?

Usually yes. Onshore winds carry salt aerosol several kilometres inland, and rooftop units sit in the airflow. Treat it as C4 unless local data shows otherwise.

What changes for equipment right on the shoreline?

Direct wave spray moves the site towards CX. A thin film alone is not enough there; see the marine and offshore guidance.

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